Topics in Human Reasoning

Fall 2017 -- Peter Brooks

 

Book report/final project due on the homework server: Mon, 1/15 midnight and on paper in class the following day (unless personally arranged otherwise)  
Game Theory We'll spend some time with Game Theory and The Prisoner's Dilemma.  Here is my Prisoner's Dilemma Tournament Software website.
We're moving into ethics and morality.  By Tues, 1/9, you need to have read the essay (right) Read Stephen Jay Gould's essay: Nonmoral Nature
Final project (book/creative project). 

Due both in-class (paper) and on the homework server: Mon. 1/15

Here is the list of books that you can choose one of to read, or you can argue for another book with me.  If choosing to read, write the name of the book into the homework server slot.  Only one customer/class for any book.
Here is the Signed-Up List.
The book reports:
- should be a minimum of 1 page,
- relate what you learned from, or what you disagreed with in, the book. 
- tell me how much of the book you read
-should I keep this book on the Book-list next year?

The legal case - 2 A different painting, similar issue, and new legislation.
The legal case - 1 “Seated Woman with Bent Left Leg” is the name of a painting whose ownership is in dispute.  Read the following description of the case.  Also, read the preparation guidelines for your arguments on Tues.
Malcolm Gladwell on college admissions/acceptances Malcolm Gladwell is a probably the most popular American essayist (in terms of essays sold in books).  This is a chapter called "Caroline Sacks" from his book David and Goliath.  We'll discuss this essay starting on Monday 12/11 (possibly with a quiz).
Chapter quiz on Chap. 7: Fri, 12/1.  Absentees will be given different (perhaps slightly harder) makeups, later.  
Chapter quizzes

We’re going to have quizzes on the chapters that we’ve read. 
Here’s how it will work:

·       I will announce, at least one day in advance, in class and on the homework server, when a quiz is acomin’ and what chapter(s) it will cover.

·       Thou shalt bring thine textbook for the quiz session.  No, you cannot borrow a book from me.  However, you might be able to borrow a book from a person enrolled in my other period (I teach periods 7 and 10).  If you don’t have your textbook, you’ll have to know the fallacies and well.

·       I will show you the exercises on the screen.

·       For each exercise, write down the general fallacy (e.g. Appeal to Emotion), and the main sub-fallacy (e.g. Argument from Outrage), and a short sentence justifying your choice.

 Examples from Chapter 7:

1.       There’s no unemployment in this country.  I had no problem finding a job (ex. 99, p.220)

Answer: Generalizing from too few cases (hasty generalization): Use of a single personal example to form a generalization about the entire country.

2.       You shouldn’t break your word.  Therefore you shouldn’t break your word to save someone’s life. (ex. 118, p. 221)

Answer: Accident: Misapplication of a generalization/rule (don’t break your word) to an exceptional case (doing it to save a life).

Evaluating the Fake News assignment.  Due right after trick-or-treating onTue (10/31) midnight For the instructions below, I'll refer to the student who wrote the debunking article as OA (original author) and I'll refer to the evaluator of that debunking piece as (EV).

1. You will receive, by email from me, a document with 2 tables.  The first table will indicate who (the EV) to send your Fake-News essay to for evaluation.  In the first table, find your name in the first column and email your essay to the person (the EV) to in the second column of the same row.  The second table lists each student's email address in the class.  Email your essay by midnight Fri (10/27).  Each of you (as EVs) should also receive an essay by email by Fri. midnight from an OA. If you've not received your incoming essay by Friday night, write to the person (OA) who should have sent it, and cc me.

2. In your evaluation document, include:
- your name (as EV), and the name of the student (the OA) who wrote the debunking piece that you're evaluating.
- copy the text, and any pictures you can also get, from the link that the OA included
- copy the OA's debunking text
- add your evaluation
First question: decide and write down whether the fake news article referred to satisfies the homework requirement as being believable by at least some of your friends (maybe you as well).  The second question is whether the essay you've just read adequately debunks the article as fake news. You might also address or guess the motivation of the author of the fake news article itself to fool the reading public.  Submit the entire document to the homework server.
More Fake News: The Sift, from the News Literacy Project.
Reading Fake News, Pakistani Minister Directs Nuclear Threat at Israel
Fake News!  Get some, write it up, submit it to the homework server by Mon (10/23) midnight Find an article on the net (not a meme, or just a headline) intended, seriously, to convince people of a claim you think is completely untrue.  This claim should not be ridiciulous -- in fact, it should be sufficiently well-argued that it may convince some of your friends (Don't tell me that you have particularly gullible friends.)  Sumit the following two items to the homework server.
1. Into the Comments-to-Teacher, provide the link to the article, so that I can show it in class.
2. Submit a short document indicating what the claim is and why you believe it to be false. At the top of your document, put your name, and the web address of the article so that your partner (once I've assigned him/her) will be able to read the article and then evaluate your debunking of it.  Preferably save the document in .PDF format to maximize the likelihood that your partner will be able to read it.
Critical Thinking (CT): read Chap. 1 by Fri. 10/29  
Design a remote control, due Sun, 10/1 midnight on the homework server and on paper in class on Mon.

Desgn a remote control for a device of your choosing, specifically designed for the convenience of a particular audience (e.g. pre-literate children, hyper-geeky Stuy students, quadriplegics, etc.).  The document must contain at least one drawing of the device. The writing must detail what the device is, what the intended audience is, and must convince the reader why this is the best solution to the problem of controlling the device by members of the audience (also remembering cost).  I will be grading this assignment on: creativity, design thoughtfulness, writing, well-done drawing, and how convinced I am of the superiority of your design.

Constraints:

  • The drawing(s) must be part of the document.  Please try to scan it and insert it into the doc if you've drawn it on paper. 
  • No magic, no thought-control, no audio control, no graphical screen
Readings on product design for Tues, 9/26 For Tues: read Petroski's The Evolution of Artifacts and Petroski's The Simplest Thing
Write a humor (joke) paper, due on paper in class on Mon. 9/18 and on the homework server on Sun, 9/17 midnight I'm asking you, once again, to create an original joke, or other form of recognizable humor.  Try to focus on your struggle to create it, and write about that process, particular the path that lead to your success.  Of course, include the humor in the paper.  It should be about a page in length, double-spaced, but could be more. 
Who's on First? video with Abbott and Costello... ...and a version with Jimmy Fallon, Billy Crystal and Jerry Seinfeld.
On fashioning jokes...  Here's a little essay by Annie Dillard (a Pulitzer prize-winning American writer) on her family's relationship to jokes.
First task: fill out your Profile on the Homework server.
  1. Go to the main class link page (http://www.micromind.com/stuy)
  2. Click on the Homework/Grade server link
  3. Choose the Profile menu item
  4. Choose your period and name
  5. Log in with your OSIS number as your password
  6. Fill out your email address and preferred first name only, DO NOT CHANGE YOUR PASSWORD YET.
  7. Save: (Change Profile button)...
  8. (optional, but recommended): now you can change your password for this Homework server, if you want.
  9. REMEMBER this password!
Help from Mr. Brooks Feel free to come and see me during periods 6, 8 or 9 in room 301 or, by appointment beforehand just after school also in room 301.
Sending email to Mr. Brooks:
Send mail to: pbrooks@stuy.edu

You MUST include your name in the subject line or body of the message, otherwise I won't know who it's from.
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